Many retirees unintentionally cut grandchildren out of an inheritance. One overlooked phrase—per stirpes—can prevent that from happening.

Retirement planning often involves a lot more than just making sure your nest egg is large enough to sustain your lifestyle. It also requires a strong focus on income taxes and remaining nimble as tax laws change over time. One specific area of tax rules that retirees need to be aware of include Medicare premiums and the potential of something called an Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA).